交易環(huán)節(jié)手續(xù)復(fù)雜,那你需要一份流程圖——清晰解讀:從進(jìn)口商、出口商角度看假遠(yuǎn)期業(yè)務(wù)的交易流程和時(shí)間進(jìn)度!
一、有償付行(或代付行)的假遠(yuǎn)期信用證操作流程
1.進(jìn)出口雙方簽訂即期付款條件的買賣合約。
2.進(jìn)口商申請(qǐng)開立假遠(yuǎn)期信用證。
3.開證行開立假遠(yuǎn)期信用證,有關(guān)條件如下:
(1)Available with any bank by negotiation.
(2)Draft at xx days after B/L date(or sight).
(3)在附加條款中規(guī)定:Payable by Pay Through Bank(××× Bank)at sight,financing interest and acceptance commission are for the account of the applicant.
(4)在對(duì)交單行/議付行的指示中明確:Upon receipt of documents in compliance with the terms and conditions of the L/C, we shall authorize the Pay through Bank(××× Bank)to effect payment at sight as per your instruction.All documents must be forwarded in one lot to the issuing bank.
4.出口商通過議付行/交單行向開證行交單。
5.開證行與一家合作銀行簽署協(xié)議,指定該行為假遠(yuǎn)期信用證業(yè)務(wù)中的償付行/代付行(Pay through Bank),確定融資利率和其他條件,開證行審核單據(jù)后立即授權(quán)償付行/代付行即期支付交單行款項(xiàng)。
6.償付行/代付行根據(jù)授權(quán)付款,交單行付款給出口商。
7.待遠(yuǎn)期匯票到期,開證行將匯票款項(xiàng)連同按約定利率計(jì)算出的利息償付代付行,同時(shí)向開證申請(qǐng)人(進(jìn)口商)索償。
當(dāng)然,開證行也可授權(quán)出口商所在地的議付行將信用證款項(xiàng)全額即期支付給受益人(出口商),待匯票到期時(shí),開證行再連本帶息償付該議付行。相應(yīng)地,信用證條款中可規(guī)定:授權(quán)議付銀行議付遠(yuǎn)期匯票,依匯票金額即期付款,利息由信用證申請(qǐng)人承擔(dān)(Negotiating Bank is authorized to negotiate usance draft at sight for the face amount,interest is for the account of the applicant)。在此情況下,開證行必須事先與該議付行談好業(yè)務(wù)流程和融資利率。
二、假遠(yuǎn)期信用證中的常用功能條款
1.遠(yuǎn)期匯票按即期議付,由本銀行(開證銀行)貼現(xiàn),貼現(xiàn)及承兌費(fèi)由進(jìn)口商承擔(dān)。Usance Drafts to be negotiated at sight basis and discounted by Issuing Bank,discount charges and acceptance commission are for Applicant's account.
2.遠(yuǎn)期匯票按即期議付,利息由買方承擔(dān)。Usance draft to be negotiated at sight basis, interest is for Buyer’s account.
3.授權(quán)議付銀行議付遠(yuǎn)期匯票,依票額即期付款。The Negotiating Bank is authorized to negotiate the usance drafts at sight for the face amount.
4.本信用證項(xiàng)下開立的遠(yuǎn)期匯票可按即期議付。Usance drafts drawn under this credit are to be negotiated at sight basis.